Overview

Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS)

ICP-MS can simultaneously measure almost all elements in the periodic table. It uses inductively coupled plasma (ICP) as the ion source, where generated ions pass through an interface into a high-vacuum chamber. The ions are separated according to their mass-to-charge ratio and detected by the mass spectrometer (MS). This technique supports qualitative, semi-quantitative, and quantitative analysis, and also enables isotope ratio measurements.

  • Agilent Technologies 8800

    Agilent Technologies 8800

  • Agilent Technologies 7800

    Agilent Technologies 7800

Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES)

ICP-OES uses argon plasma at temperatures of 6,000 to 10,000 K as the excitation source. A nebulized liquid sample is introduced into the plasma, where it emits element-specific spectral lines. These spectra are used to identify the elements present, while the emission intensity is used to determine their concentrations.

  • Agilent Technologies 720

    Agilent Technologies 720

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS)

Atomic absorption spectroscopy utilizes the fact that atoms absorb light at wavelengths specific to each element. When a sample solution is aspirated into a flame, the target elements are atomized by the high temperature. As element-specific light passes through the flame, it is absorbed by the atoms, and the concentration of the element is determined from the amount of absorbed light.

  • Agilent Technologies 240FS AA

    Agilent Technologies 240FS AA

Ion Chromatography (IC)

Ion chromatography separates individual ions using a combination of an ion-exchange resin column and an eluent. The sample solution is carried into the column with the eluent, where ions are retained and subsequently eluted at different rates depending on their characteristics. As a result, the ions are separated while passing through the column, and the separated ions are identified and quantified using conductivity detection or other suitable methods.

  • Dionex ICS-2100

    Dionex ICS-2100

Sample Preparation

Examples of Material-Specific Grinding Methods and Material–Grinding Technique Compatibility Table

  • Kjeldahl Digestion

    Kjeldahl Digestion

  • Sand Bath

    Sand Bath

  • Microwave Digestion

    Microwave Digestion